The remaining movement, earth, asserts its presence most powerfully during the periods before the start of each season.
The strength and influence of these movements wax and wane over the course of a year with wood peaking during spring, fire during summer, metal in autumn and water in winter. In classic Taoist cosmology, matter and energy are thought to be governed by five basic movements. Chi (also spelled ch'i or qi) is variously known as the "breath of heaven," “mystical breath," the "breath of nature" and the "quality of spirit" The human body is regarded as a source of chi-derived energy, which some people have the power to concentrate and congeal into an essence. Taoists stress the importance of harmonizing with nature by balancing yin and yang, and developing chi through meditation and disengagement. Taoists shun aggression, competition, and ambition. Taoism, unlike Confucianism, rejects rank and class. The tao focuses on ideals of balance and order and often uses nature as a metaphor. Taoism is more mystical and less pragmatic than Confucianism. A scholar on duty as an official would usually follow Confucian teachings but at leisure or in retirement might seek harmony with nature as a Taoist recluse. In many ways the opposite of rigid Confucian moralism, Taoism served many of its adherents as a complement to their ordered daily lives. It holds that the goal of life for each individual is to find one's own personal adjustment to the rhythm of the natural (and supernatural) world and to follow the Way (dao) of the universe. The focus of Taoism is the individual in nature rather than the individual in society.
They also practice a philosophy of wu wei, or inaction. Taoists believes that people can become deities or live forever through practicing certain rituals and austerities. The core of the basic belief and doctrine of Taoism is that "Tao" is the origin and law of all things in the universe. Taoism - loosely based on the writings of a mythical figure named Laozi who lived some 2,500 years ago - calls for an adherence to "the way", which practitioners have long interpreted as a return to the natural world.
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